The Oscars are a few awards presented by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences to recognize excellence of professionals in the film industry, including directors, actors and writers and is widely considered the highest honor in cinema. The ceremony awards ceremony is one of the most prominent and prestigious in the world, and is broadcast live each year for more than a hundred countries. It is also the oldest award ceremony in the media, and their equivalents: the Grammy started in 1959 (in music), Emmy started in 1949 (on TV) and Tony started in 1947 (in the theater) have followed the model of the Academy. The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences was originally conceived by Louis B. Mayer, president of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, as an organization that would improve the image of the film industry and help mediate labor disputes. The Oscars were created later by the Academy as an award “in recognition of the achievement obtained” in the movie industry. The first ceremony was filed on May 16, 1929, at a private lunch at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel with an audience of about 270 people. The party held after the ceremony took place in the hotel Mayfair. The cost of guest tickets for the ceremony was five dollars. Fifteen statuettes were awarded, awarding artists, directors and other personalities of the film industry for his work, released between 1927 and 1928. The winners were announced three months in advance of the ceremony, however, this changed after the second award, in 1930. Since then and during the first decade, the results were given to newspapers for publication at 11 pm, during the ceremony. This method was replaced after Los Angeles Times announced the winners before this started. As a result, the sealed envelopes with the names of the winners began to be used from 1941.Durante the first six ceremonies, the eligibility period lasted for two years. For example, the second ceremony which took place on April 3, 1930, recognized films that were released between August 1, 1928 and July 31, 1929. From the seventh ceremony, held 1935, the eligibility period was the previous year, from 1 January to 31 December. The first actor awarded was Emil Jannings, for his performance in The Last Command and The Way of All Flesh. However, the actor had to return to Europe before the ceremony, so the Academy agreed to give the statuette before, this made Jannings was the first Oscar winner in history. People who were condecoradas received his award for all work performed on a specific category for the qualifying period, eg Jannings received the Oscar for two films he starred during that period. Since the fourth ceremony, the system changed and people began to be recognized by a particular performance in a single film. Until the eighty third ceremony, held in 2011, a total of 2 809 statuettes have been delivered for 1853 awards. Similarly, a total of 302 actors have won Oscars in acting categories or honorable or youth categories. The 1939 film Beau Geste is the only tape that contains at least four Oscar winning actors in the category of best actor or actress in a leading role (Gary Cooper, Ray Milland, Susan Hayward and Broderick Crawford) prior to any of them had won the prize. In the twenty-ninth ceremony, which took place on March 27, 1957, the Best Foreign Film category was introduced. Until then, these films were honored with a special award. Although the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences awarded annually seven awards (awarded in memory of Irving G. Thalberg, Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award, Gordon E. Sawyer Award, Award of Merit Technical or Scientific, Technical Achievement award, medal Merit John A. Bonner and Youth Academy Award), plus two that are not submitted annually (special Academy Award and Honorary Award, which may or may not form the Oscar statuette), the most known is the “Academy Award of Merit”, also called “Academy Award”. Britannium gold plated on a black metal base, with 34 inches in height and 3.85 kilograms, shows a naked knight, Art Deco style, which maintains arms crossed holding a sword on a reel of film five spokes. These five spokes represent the original branches of the Academy: actors, writers, directors, producers and technicians. In 1928, the art director of the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, Cedric Gibbons, one of the original members of the Academy-Award oversaw the design from a sketch on paper. Then, sculptor George Stanley designed the statue in clay and Sachin Smith created containing 92.5% tin and 7.5% copper gold plated. The only modification made to the statue since it was created is a minor change in the base metal. The original Oscar mold was created in 1928 on the CW Foundation Shumway & Sons in Batavia, Illinois, which also have originated the molds for the Vince Lombardi trophy figurines and Emmy. Since 1983, about 50 statuettes are made annually in the RS Owens & Company, located in Chicago. Following the intervention of the United States in World War II, the statuettes delivered between 1942 and 1945 were made with plaster, after the war, these were replaced by the original. The origin of the name “Oscar” is still hotly debated. In a biography of the actress Bette Davis claims that the statue was named as such in honor of her first husband, Oscar Nelson, one of the first mentions of the statue as “Oscar” goes back to 1934, in an article by TIME magazine on the sixth award ceremony. In 1932, Walt Disney quoted thanking the Academy for the Oscar he won in such año.Una widespread version about the name of the statue originated in 1931, when the Academy’s executive secretary, Margaret Herrick, first saw the award and made a reference to his “uncle Oscar” (a nickname for her cousin Oscar Pierce). Columnist Sidney Skolsky, who was present when the statuette named Margaret Herrick, adopted the name in one of his articles which read, “Employees have affectionately named his famous Oscar statuette.” Finally, in 1939, the award was officially named “Oscar” for the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Another version of the origin of the name originated with Eleanor Lilleberg, executive secretary of Louis B. Mayer, who saw the statue exclaimed: “looks like King Oscar II of Sweden!».